Commentary: Why Burma’s Christians need the world to act now
For generations, Baptists have affirmed religious freedom as a sacred gift from God—not a privilege granted by governments. That conviction calls Baptists today to pay close attention to the suffering of Christians in Myanmar (Burma), where faith itself has become a target of state-sponsored violence.
Since the Burmese military overthrew the country’s democratically elected government on Feb. 1, 2021, repression has escalated into open war. The military—known as the Tatmadaw—has not only crushed political dissent, but also has systematically targeted faith communities, particularly Christians, as a means of control and intimidation.
From the earliest days of the coup, the Tatmadaw demonstrated its willingness to use violence against civilians, firing on unarmed protesters in the streets of Yangon. By the end of 2021, it had launched a full-scale assault on communities across the countryside. Historically, Burma’s ethnic and religious minorities have borne the greatest cost under military rule.
Today, Christians are experiencing a similar pattern of targeted repression.
As the military attempts to legitimize its rule through sham elections, violence against churches and Christian communities has intensified. These elections are not free or fair. Instead, fear, displacement, and religious repression are used to compel participation and silence dissent—especially in ethnic minority regions where Christianity is deeply woven into community life.
Targeting religion
On Sept. 17, 2025, Burmese military fighter jets bombed and destroyed Saint Theresa’s Catholic Church in Karenni State, under the Loikaw Diocese. Sources on the ground confirmed the attack to the Burma Research Institute. The church had long served as a place of worship, refuge and hope for the community. Within moments, it was reduced to rubble.
This was not an accident of war. The church was targeted because it was Christian.
In Chin State, where nearly the entire population is Christian, persecution has taken a different but equally devastating form.
On Aug. 3, 2025, military forces in Hakha, the state capital, arrested approximately 40 Chin youth after they attended a combined youth service at Hakha Baptist Church. The Tatmadaw knew the young people had been worshiping.
Martial law remains in effect, including a 6 p.m.-to-6 a.m. curfew, effectively shutting down evening and weekday church activities. As the military presses forward with its so-called elections, fear has become a constant companion for Christian youth simply seeking to worship God.
This violence is not limited to Christians alone. Over the past year, the military and pro-junta militias burned 400 homes and two mosques in a Muslim village in Sagaing Region.
In Chin State, the army bombed three churches, killing six civilians, including a pastor.
Even Buddhist communities have not been spared. Dozens were killed and more than 50 injured when the junta bombed a Buddhist festival in northwestern Burma.
This is violence without restraint, driven by a regime desperate to cling to power.
Moral obligation
For people of faith, this moment demands moral clarity. Scripture reminds us, when one part of the body suffers, all suffer together.
Religious freedom is not a political luxury; it is a core expression of human dignity. When Christians are arrested for worship, when churches are bombed, and when fear replaces fellowship, the global church cannot remain silent.
The crisis also reaches our own communities. Members of the Burma diaspora—Christians and Muslims living in the United States—now face renewed danger as Temporary Protected Status has expired. Returning them to Burma during this period of violence, especially amid fraudulent elections, would place them directly back into harm’s way.
Leaders of the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom have warned that religious minorities from Chin, Karen, and Kachin states face egregious persecution if forced to return. Extending Temporary Protected Status would provide life-saving protection and signal continued U.S. concern for religious freedom.
Faith communities have raised their voices. Churches and community organizations—Baptist, Catholic, evangelical, and others—have urged the U.S. secretary of state to recognize the Tatmadaw’s actions against Christians as crimes against humanity and war crimes. Encouraging responses have followed, but faithful witness requires persistence.
The sham elections underway in Burma do not represent peace or progress. They represent a deepening of persecution. For Christians in Burma, following Christ now carries extraordinary risk.
Baptists have long stood for religious liberty for all people. That heritage calls us to pray, to speak, and to act in solidarity with those who suffer for their faith. Silence in the face of such suffering is not neutrality. It is abandonment.
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Zo Tum Hmung is president and CEO of Burma Research Institute. Rev. Dr. Robin D. Stoops is board chair. Burma Research Institute “conducts research, education, and advocacy, primarily on freedom of religion or belief, human rights, and protection and assistance of refugees and internally displaced people in Burma.” The views expressed in this opinion article are those of Burma Research Institute.
Sources:
- S. Department of State, Background Briefing on the Military Coup in Burma (Feb. 2021), https://www.state.gov; Human Rights Watch, “Myanmar: Military Coup Shatters Democratic Transition,” Feb. 2021, https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/02/01/myanmar-military-coup-shatters-democratic-transition
- Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP), Daily Briefings on Post-Coup Violence, 2021–2024, https://aappb.org
- Amnesty International, “Myanmar: Crimes Against Humanity Continue After Coup,” 2022, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2022/02/myanmar-crimes-against-humanity/
- S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF), Annual Report 2025: Burma Chapter, 2025, https://www.uscirf.gov/countries/burma
- USCIRF, “Religious Freedom as a Lifeline for Burma’s Persecuted People of Faith,” Press Statement, 2024, https://www.uscirf.gov/news-room/releases-statements/religious-freedom-lifeline-burmas-persecuted-people-faith
- Burma Research Institute, Field Reports on Attacks Against Religious Sites in Karenni and Chin States, 2024–2025, https://burmari.org
- Chin Human Rights Organization (CHRO), Restrictions on Religious Assembly in Chin State Under Martial Law, 2024–2025, https://www.chinhumanrights.org
- Amnesty International, “Myanmar: Scorched-Earth Military Campaign Targets Civilians and Places of Worship,” 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/
- Human Rights Watch, “Myanmar Junta Airstrikes Kill Civilians Across Religious and Ethnic Lines,” 2024–2025, https://www.hrw.org
- USCIRF, Letter to the Biden Administration on Temporary Protected Status for Burma, 2024, https://www.uscirf.gov/news-room/press-releases
- S. Department of State, Determination on Atrocities in Burma, March 2022, https://www.state.gov/determination-on-atrocities-in-burma/
- Interfaith Coalition Letter to the U.S. Secretary of State on Burma, March 7, 2025 (on file with authors; summary referenced in USCIRF and partner statements)