Loyalty to universities, love for children's homes and appreciation for Baptist hospitals and senior-care facilities runs deep among Texas Baptists.
Institutions matter in Texas Baptist life. But how the Baptist General Convention of Texas relates to schools and caregiving ministries has changed and continues to change.
At the BGCT annual meeting in Amarillo, messengers will vote on a renegotiated relationship agreement with Baylor University. They also will consider a bud-get that increases financial support for some institutions while cutting funds for others—particularly Baylor, which stands to lose about $900,000 in 2012.
The BGCT views institutions either as affiliated or related. Messengers to the state convention annual meeting elect at least 75 percent of the governing boards of what the BGCT recognizes as affiliated institutions. Related institutions, on the other hand, have contractual agreements with the BGCT that allow those schools or caregiving ministries greater control over the selection of their boards. The proposed budget makes a distinction in funding levels between affiliated and related educational institutions.
All in the family?
Historian Alan Lefever uses the analogy of a healthy parent-child relationship to describe the historical relationship between the BGCT and institutions. Parents provide full support for children when they are young, but once children become adults, their relationship to parents focuses less on financial support and more on family ties.
"When the institutions began, they depended heavily on Texas Baptists to survive. As they have grown and matured, the need for that kind of support has lessened. But like a parent and a grown child, Texas Baptists still want to be a part of the lives of institutions," said Lefever, director of the Texas Baptist Historical Collection.
Likewise, most institutions see the value in their Baptist history and heritage, and they want to maintain a connection to Texas Baptists—but not be controlled by "parents" who may be reluctant to acknowledge the need for independence, he added.
"The influence and history that connects Texas Baptists and the institutions is more than just money—it's more than a percentage of the budget," he said.
Lanny Hall, president of Hardin-Simmons University, believes most institutions have been "loyal children who follow the rules of the relationship." But he takes issue with siblings whom he believes have failed to honor family rules—in particular, institutions that have appealed directly to churches rather than accepting the cooperative giving approach the BGCT follows.
"While we are grateful for those churches which include HSU and Logsdon Seminary in their budget, we are not making pulpit appeals for special offerings or actively seeking funds from individual churches instead of the cooperative giving approach," Hall said. "HSU has long been the beneficiary of cooperation, and we would hope that the cooperative approach will continue and lead to greater resources for Christian education in the future.
"In my opinion, the BGCT has been overly tolerant of institutions which have openly violated the rules of our relationship. This has left the loyal institutions a bit confused as to what the relationship really means. I am grateful for members of the Executive Board who have been advocates for the institutions and who have called for consistency in applying the rules of our relationship with Texas Baptists."
Jerry Bradley, longtime president of Children at Heart Ministries, chooses a different family analogy to describe the relationship between the state convention and institutions.
"I see it as a cooperative relationship much like a marriage, where both parties need the other. Each brings different components/aspects to the relationship that enhances the whole. This is a dynamic relationship that demands communication and cooperation based on trust," Bradley said.
Rene Maciel, president of Baptist University of the Américas, sees the relationship as comparable to "la familia"—a central facet of Hispanic life and culture.
"La familia is extended family, where everyone helps everyone," Maciel explained. "We get help, and as we help our students, they go on to positions of spiritual leadership in Texas Baptist churches and in their communities and careers. Families disagree sometimes. Family members differ on how to spend limited resources. But you're always family. We're always family."
Paul Armes, president of Wayland Baptist University, and Albert Reyes, president of Buckner International, prefer a different way of describing the relationship—in terms of the kingdom of God. Armes calls the relationship between the state convention and institutions "a kingdom partnership," and Reyes speaks of "collaboration and cooperation for kingdom purposes."
Cooperation or competition?
Some institutions consider financial support provided through the Texas Baptist Cooperative Program essential to their operations.
"Is there a category higher than absolutely vital?" Maciel asked, describing how much Baptist University of the Américas depends on the funding. "Maybe we are a relic of the glory days of the Cooperative Program, but the CP makes it possible for a small school with very limited resources to dare to dream we can make a difference in Texas and the world in the Hispanic mission field."
Likewise, Children at Heart Ministries considers Cooperative Program support "critical to our operations," Bradley said.
"It is not only the funding, but he assurance of a continued relationship," he said. "It would take a lot of endowment to produce what CP provides, and the CP can go directly into the budget. I would dread the day that we had to go directly to churches, because that would validate that CP is dead and buried. Also, smaller ministries could not compete with larger ones who have large development and communication budgets."
But some institutions—notably Buckner International—have pressed the BGCT to expand the definition of cooperation and allow institutions to approach churches directly to request financial support. Cooperative Program funds provide less than 1 percent of the overall Buckner budget, Reyes said.
"Our history shows that Buckner raised more funds before it was part of the Cooperative Program, and, consequently, Cooperative Program support has diminished over the years. There is no question in my mind that direct appeals to Texas Baptist churches would be more favorable to the overall work of Buckner than the current CP method," Reyes said.
"This method of direct appeal may not be easy to manage from a pastoral perspective, but most churches appoint denominational relations committees that already manage denominational relationships and ministry partners."
Wayland Baptist University probably would benefit from direct appeals to churches, Armes said, but he opposes any retreat from the cooperative approach.
"I think Wayland would fare very well if we were to undertake a more direct approach to churches. However, I am opposed to such a change for several reasons," Armes said.
"First, I believe that practice would not only perpetuate the financial resources disparity between the larger and the smaller institutions of the family; it would widen the gap significantly. Who can muster more staff members to stand in pulpits across the state and ask for support? Surely the largest and most resourced institutions.
"Additionally, why would we want to ask our pastors to be gatekeepers for institutional appeals? Which pastor would want their members to be solicited by a dozen or more institutions, each of which has a compelling case statement as well as a worthy ministry? Institutional morale would suffer significantly, I fear."
Reyes remains unconvinced. "I have heard the arguments against a new approach to the Cooperative Program: Pastors will be overwhelmed, smaller institutions will suffer, and the list goes on. These objections are shortsighted and do not speak to our collective ability to create and innovate new and equitable patterns of stewardship in the distribution of resources," he said.
"I do believe that we need some type of hybrid approach to place the locus of control for institutional ministry support into the hands of congregational and pastoral leadership, balanced with inclusion of a denominational expression of stewardship, as well."
Texas Baptist identity
Without exception, institutions that relate to the BGCT affirm the importance of their Texas Baptist identity and heritage. But some institutions have felt a need to include non-Texas Baptists on their governing boards and to reach beyond geographic and denominational boundaries.
"Because of our position as the only Christian Hispanic university in the country, we feel it is part of our missional responsibility to help Baptists in other states train leaders for their Hispanic populations, too," Maciel said regarding BUA. "So, we have one trustee from Arkansas, one from Alabama and one from Louisiana—to provide counsel and resources to help us in that task.
"But we want Texas Baptist-elected trustees to have voting control of our board. And all the rest of the trustees we are allowed to nominate are active in local Texas Baptist congregations."
Some institutions point to the importance of inclusion in a time marked by diminished denominational loyalty.
"All denominations are faced with the transition into a post-denominational era," said Kevin Dinnin, president of Baptist Child & Family Services. "Data predicts an acceleration of the lack of denominational loyalty. The goal for our institution is to hold on to the vital guiding principles of our Baptist heritage as the denomination as a whole continues to deteriorate."
But other institutions emphasize the importance of continuing cooperation within Texas Baptist life.
"Texas Baptist churches have encouraged us, prayed for us, sent their students to us and have supported us financially. Texas Baptists and Hardin-Simmons have partnered throughout HSU's 120-year history. We thank God for Texas Baptists," Hall said.
Others may choose a different course, but Hall insisted his institution planned to follow an old West Texas proverb: "You dance with them what brung you."