School board member sues over right to quote the Bible
GLENDALE, Ariz. (RNS)—An Arizona school board member who was instructed to stop quoting Bible passages during board meetings filed a federal lawsuit against her district Sept. 27.
Heather Rooks alleged her First Amendment rights to free speech and free exercise of religion had been violated.
Rooks, a Christian who attends a large nondenominational church, has been serving the Peoria Unified School District, one of Arizona’s largest districts, since January 2023.
She is being represented by the law firm Gibson Dunn & Crutcher and the First Liberty Institute, a Plano-based conservative legal organization.
Since the start of her term, Rooks, whose four children attend school in the district, has quoted short Bible passages during the “board comments” portion of each board meeting. The passages were often related to the theme of courage.
“Have I not commanded you? Be strong and courageous. Do not be afraid; do not be discouraged, for the Lord your God will be with you wherever you go,” Rooks said at a meeting in January, quoting from the first chapter of Joshua.
“Keep me safe, my God, for in you I take refuge,” she said in April, quoting from Psalm 16.
Rooks told Religion News Service she was surprised and then saddened after being instructed not to quote Scripture, because she “never thought that would happen in America.” She said she recited Bible passages as a source of strength when faced with difficult decisions.
‘With everything that goes on as a new school board member, we’re facing a lot of adversity and challenges. So reading those verses really gave me some strength and courage and peace,” Rooks said.
Rooks said, in particular, she was seeking courage to “keep speaking out for parents.”
Critics cite political overtones
Critics of Rooks say her quoting of Bible passages has political undertones, especially during board meetings where issues like white supremacy and gender nonconformity are discussed. In April, the board voted down a bathroom policy Rooks supported that would have restricted transgender students from using bathrooms that align with their gender identity.
In February, the group Secular Communities for Arizona issued a complaint to the board arguing Rooks was violating the Constitution’s establishment clause.
“It is coercive, embarrassing and intimidating for citizens from a different religion or nonreligious citizens to display deference toward a religious sentiment in which they do not believe, but which this school board member does,” Dianne Post, legal director of Secular Communities for Arizona, wrote in an email included in the lawsuit.
In May and again in June, a staff attorney for the nonprofit group Freedom From Religion Foundation sent emails to the board president requesting the district stop board members from promoting their beliefs. The emails said failure to do so would “subject the school district to unnecessary liability and potential financial strain.”
The board’s legal counsel emailed board members in mid-July saying it would “be in the best interest of the district” for board members to stop quoting Bible verses, because doing so violated federal and state laws and because Freedom From Religion and Secular Arizona had “threatened” to “take further action,” including filing a lawsuit.
Shortly after, Rooks announced at a board meeting that she would refrain from reciting Bible passages. She added that she would “have my attorneys at First Liberty Institute handle this matter,” according to the suit.
‘Substantially burden her religious exercise’
The lawsuit claims that quoting brief Bible passages without comment does not violate the First Amendment’s prohibition against establishment of religion but is instead part of the “longstanding tradition of government officials solemnizing public occasions in this way.”
Hiram Sasser, executive general counsel for First Liberty Institute, clarified the tradition of calling upon a resource to solemnize an occasion applies to people of all religious backgrounds, not just Christians quoting the Bible.
Rooks’ lawsuit also says the district’s policy and actions “chill her ability to freely speak” and “substantially burden her religious exercise by forcing her to choose between following the precepts of her religion and retaining her position as a member of the Board.”
Thus, it argues, the district has violated state and federal laws guaranteeing Rooks’ right to freedom of speech and free exercise of religion.
Freedom From Religion Foundation co-President Annie Laurie Gaylor questioned the efficacy of the suit, saying because the district didn’t discipline Rooks, there’s “no actual case or controversy for a lawsuit.”
“She’s suing her own school district because she disagrees with a legal opinion about the legal liability that the board is entailing if her conduct continues,” Gaylor said. “Heather Rooks is basically abusing judicial resources in order to fight a culture war.”
Sasser told RNS by joining the case, First Liberty Institute is “fighting to preserve the correct and original meaning of the Constitution.” He added school districts still are adjusting to the Supreme Court’s Kennedy v. Bremerton School District decision, which found the Constitution protected a football coach’s right to pray with students on the 50-yard line after games.
“You have 50 years of legal precedent that essentially tilts the scales in favor of censorship of anything religious in public,” Sasser asserted. “That is suddenly gone, and the new standard is to accommodate religious speech.”
In her July email to the school board, the board’s legal counsel argued Kennedy v. Bremerton did not apply because the coach’s prayer was silent and not broadcast publicly. She did not return requests for comment.
As of Oct. 2, Peoria Unified School District had not yet been served, but Sasser said the process was underway.
“Heather decided to let the legal process play out,” said Sasser. “That’s why we filed the lawsuit: to see if they’re right, or we’re right.”








Shantavia Briana Reddick—affectionately known as Bree—died Sept. 9 in Spring. She was 26. Shantavia was born Sept. 6, 1997, in Lakeland, Fla. She was raised with unwavering love and care by her mother, Gracia Lettsome Reddick, and parents, Darrin and Arlean Moore, who nurtured her into being the remarkable individual God created. Arlean is on the Baptist Standard board of directors, and Darrin is the pastor of Truevine Missionary Baptist Church in Spring and a member of the Baptist General Convention of Texas Executive Board. While living in Arkansas for a year, Shantavia’s “village” grew to include her Mt. Carmel Baptist Church family. Shantavia attended Marguerite Van Elementary School in Conway and credited her fourth-grade teacher, Mark Cuddy, with playing a major role in her becoming a teacher. The Moores and Shantavia moved to Spring in 2008, joining Truevine Missionary Baptist Church. Shantavia made her personal proclamation of faith in Jesus Christ and was baptized at Truevine Missionary Baptist Church in 2008, where she remained a faithful member until her death. Shantavia served as a youth usher, youth choir member, summer camp worker, praise dancer and praise dance instructor. She in the Old Town Spring Heights Community and always was willing to do anything asked of her. From a young age, she displayed a natural talent for teaching, serving as a children’s church helper, teacher and director. She loved her church family and especially was excited when her mother moved to Texas, uniting all her parents in one place. Shantavia was homeschooled from sixth grade to 10th grade, affording her the opportunity to have the world as her classroom. Being homeschooled allowed her to travel, attend speaking engagements and gain business insight from her parents and godparents Dr. Christopher and Dr. Astra Sparks. She returned to public school her junior year, where she attended and graduated in 2016 from Klein Collins High School near Spring. While there, she solidified her plan to become an educator. Shantavia excelled in post-secondary education, earning a bachelor’s degree in education in 2020 from Prairie View A&M University, often reminding people, “PV produces productive people.” She also received a master’s degree in curriculum and instruction in 2023 from Texas Southern University. Shantavia was living her true calling as an educator. She began her career at her fifth-grade alma mater, Beneke Elementary School in Spring, as a para-professional while she completed her student teaching. At Smith Elementary School in Spring, she was awarded the “Rookie Teacher of the Year” honor upon completing an impressive first year of teaching. Her partner teacher and team lead, Dr. Kristal Buckles, quickly became a valued friend and mentor. Shantavia’s students were not just pupils; they also were cherished children she shaped with care and dedication. She believed in the power of education to transform lives and used her unique blend of intelligence and kindness to inspire countless young minds. Her classroom was a place of warmth, encouragement, grace and fun. She not only taught academic subjects, but she also instilled values of empathy, compassion and resilience. Her students remember her, not just as a teacher, but as a mentor, a friend and a source of unwavering support. Her passion for her Spring Independent School District students was rivaled only by her eagerness to impart life-changing knowledge to her students in Truevine Missionary Baptist Church’s children’s church. Shantavia also inspired outside of the classroom. She had a natural charm and charisma that drew people to her. Her smile exuded pure light and joy, matched only by her humility and genuine kindness. Her heart overflowed with generosity, always willing to lend a helping hand or a listening ear to those in need. Shantavia’s interests were diverse, reflecting her curiosity about the world. She enjoyed reading, studying the Bible, having biblical and life discussions with her dad, planning children’s lessons with her sister and co-director Kaitlan, and talking about education in Africa with her Auntie. Her intelligence and drive were matched only by her wit and bubbly personality. She had a unique ability to make those around her laugh—even in the darkest of times. After being in school nonstop from high school through completing her master’s degree, Shantavia was ready for a break and to do some traveling before taking the steps to enter a doctoral program. She is preceded in death by her maternal grandparents, Ismay Olympia and Rosald Lettsome Sr.; paternal grandfather, Walter Henry Reddick Sr.; aunts, Teresa Ann Reddick and Sharon “Liz” Moore-Smith; and cousin, Takeira Adderly. Left to cherish her memory are her mother, Gracia Lettsome Reddick; father and auntie-mom, Rev. Dr. Darrin and Arlean Moore; siblings, Freddie Lee Pullum II and Kaitlin Kirkwood; grandmothers, Dorothy Reddick and Lillie B. Moore; nephew, Noah Pullum; and a host of God-given siblings, cousins, uncles, aunts, great-aunts, godparents, church family, mentors, colleagues, old friends from Truevine Missionary Baptist Church and Prairie View A&M University, new friends from Texas Southern University, friends in East Africa, Truevine’s children’s church students, and Smith Elementary staff and students—all of whom forever will carry her legacy forward. In lieu of flowers, the family kindly requests donations be made to