• Lesson One in the Connect360 unit “DiscipleMaking: Patterns of Discipleship and Evangelism for the Contemporary Church focuses on Matthew 28:16-20.

Jesus intentionally revealed himself on many occasions after his memorable death. The post-resurrectionencounters resulted in several positive outcomes.

Jesus validated his victory over death and the grave, increased knowledge and understanding about himself, and presented a call to extend his ministry.

Multiple passages from the Gospels recount the dialogue between Jesus and his disciples, especially his directive for sharing his message of forgiveness and restoration, the “Great Commission.”

The Great Commission is a familiar term used frequently by churches to describe the call of Jesus to spread thegospel, evangelize the world, and disciple converts. The term is used as a purposeful mandate, a point of emphasis and motivation for all followers of Jesus.

Despite the prevalence of the use of the term, and the vast familiarity with the idea of a great commission, thecontemporary American Christian church reflects a lack of zeal or effectiveness in fulfilling the mission.

For the purpose of this and the following lessons in this study of discipleship and evangelism, the dual practices are fused and labeled as disciple making. Disciple making best describes the comprehensive process of introducing hearers to the gospel message of Christ and guiding them to follow Jesus and his teachings.

Even though the Great Commission is such an integral part of church life and ministry, it is more of an idea derived from synthesis of multiple biblical texts.

In this lesson, the primary passages from which the mission is derived will be explored, accompanied by a focuson the ensuing actions. Three pairs of action words found in the texts cited in this lesson form a simple but profoundprocess of disciple making.

The Great Commission begins with the authoritative declaration of Jesus, who states, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me” (Matthew 28:18).

This declaration sets the stage for his command, emphasizing that his followers are not given a suggestion, but a mandate grounded in his sovereign power and position.

The instruction to “go” echoes throughout the Gospels, indicating the act of disciple making is active and involves intentional movement.

The reciprocal action to sending is going. With a full expectation of obedience, Jesus declared an unambiguous call tocontinue the ministry.

The disciples’ response was indeed to accept the call and go just as he commanded. The disciples exhibited uncertainty about the future and insecurity about their abilities to accomplish the task.

Both concerns would be nullified within days by an extraordinary and powerful demonstration of God’s movement among them on Pentecost.

The sending and going aspect of disciple making is not merely a physical act, but also a spiritual one, requiringreliance on the Holy Spirit to fulfill the commission.

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• Lesson Thirteen in the Connect360 unit “Kingdom Assignment: The Relentless Pursuit of Obedience” focuses on Nehemiah 13:15-22.

The fourth of the Ten Commandments was the longest and one of the two positive commandments. The commandment dealt with rest and reverence.

After working for six days, God’s people were instructed to rest on the seventh. This was part of the very creation of life: after six days of working/creating, God rested on the seventh.

Even before this commandment was given, while the Israelites were in the wilderness on the way from the Red Sea to Mount Sinai, God showed them the day of rest was a basic principle of life.

The people ran out of food, and God promised bread from heaven. Each day they gathered enough manna for that day, and on the sixth day, God provided a double portion allowing them to rest from gathering on the seventh.

The Sabbath was not only a time of rest but also a day of worship. Worship was just as important to the commandment as rest. God blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.

Yet even after the restoration of the Temple and the wall, they still were neglecting the Sabbath. The day of worship and rest was commercialized being exploited for personal gain.

“In those days I saw in Judah some who were treading wine presses on the sabbath, and bringing in sacks of grain and loading them on donkeys, as well as wine, grapes, figs and all kinds of loads, and they brought them into Jerusalem on the sabbath day. So I admonished them on the day they sold food” (13:15).

Nehemiah reprimanded the nobles of Judah and said to them, “What is this evil thing you are doing, by profaning the sabbath day?” (13:17).

Nehemiah commanded that the gates of the city be locked at dark before the Sabbath and not opened until after the Sabbath. He commanded the Levites to purify themselves and come as keepers of the gates and sanctify the Sabbath day.

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Connect360: Time to Celebrate

• Lesson Twelve in the Connect360 unit “Kingdom Assignment: The Relentless Pursuit of Obedience” focuses on Nehemiah 12:40-47.

The dedication of the new wall was punctuated with pure joy. The people real­ized God was instrumental in the wall’s completion and worthy of their praise and worship.

The dedication included hymns of thanksgiving and songs accompanied by cymbals, harps and lyres.

The priests and the Levites purified themselves and then the people, and even the gates and the walls.

Two great choirs circled the city on the top of the wall leading from the Valley Gate, one counterclockwise and the other in the opposite direction, both proceeding to the Temple.

They began where Nehemiah started his inspection of the walls just months earlier. The two choirs took their places in the house of God and were joined by Nehemiah and half of the officials.

Some of the priests celebrated with trumpets and others sang with Jezrahiah their leader.

“On that day they offered great sacrifices and rejoiced because God had given them great joy, even the women and children re­joiced, so that the joy of Jerusalem was heard from afar” (12:43).

The people performed worship to their God, services of purification and sang songs of praise and hymns of thanksgiving to God. Then they read aloud from the book of Moses (13:1).

This day was quite a contrast from the complacency of the people and deplorable conditions of the city as described by Ne­hemiah’s brother Hanani in chapter one.

God raised up an un­likely leader who was willing to obey—who resisted opposition from within and threats from outside—and who wouldn’t stop until the task was complete.

The project was so great, only God was praised.

The celebration in Nehemiah 12 was the culmination of prepa­ration and planning. The leaders purified themselves, others and even the walls and the gates. Would we dare seek to lead others in the presence of God while harboring impurity in our own lives?

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Connect360: Leading by Example

• Lesson Eleven in the Connect360 unit “Kingdom Assignment: The Relentless Pursuit of Obedience” focuses on Nehemiah 10:28-30.

Why did Nehemiah and the leaders challenge the Hebrews to sign an agreement in writing?

First, I believe it showed their commit­ment to God. They separated themselves from foreigners and joined together, “taking on themselves a curse and an oath to walk in God’s law, which was given through Moses, God’s servant, and to keep and to observe all the commandments of God our Lord, and His ordinances and His statutes” (Nehemiah 10:29).

The oath was made to be faithful to God. This verse has been misused by autocratic leaders and groups who take a curse and oath to be loyal to a leader or a group.

Nehemiah didn’t ask for loyalty to himself. The people were committing themselves to be loyal to the com­mandments and ordinances of God.

Leaders must be careful not to manipulate people into following the leaders’ own personal agendas.

Second, the document was a testimony to the nations.

Op­position had come from neighboring people attempting to pre­vent the reestablishment of Jerusalem. A strong Jerusalem was a threat to neighbors because other people bring other gods.

Many in the region believed in a plurality of gods who reigned over local areas and people groups.

Even the Hebrews wanted a god they could see. Although Yahweh God just had led them miraculously out of slav­ery, they built a golden calf.

Solomon had asked God for wisdom. At the dedication of the Tem­ple he prayed, “O Lord, the God of Israel, there is no god like you in heaven or on earth, keeping covenant and showing lovingkind­ness to your servants who walk before you with all their heart” (2 Chronicles 6:14).

Yet even after God’s blessings, he foolishly mar­ried many wives of other nations and gods, and idolatry spread throughout the land.

Third, it was a resolution for themselves. The act of signing a document proved the people’s sincerity and intention.

The New Testament act of baptism is a public confession of sin and recognition that we are buried with Christ in baptism and raised to walk in a new life.

Vows are made at a wedding ceremony and usually rings are given to express sincerity and promise faithfulness.

Similarly, the Hebrew people’s signed document was a physical document promising faithfulness to the covenant. Good intentions are strengthened by public declara­tions, providing a tangible visible memory during discouraging days.

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• Lesson Ten in the Connect360 unit “Kingdom Assignment: The Relentless Pursuit of Obedience” focuses on Nehemiah 9:1-3.

In the ninth chapter of Nehemiah, the people reassembled on the 24th day with fasting, in sackcloth and with dirt on them.

They separated themselves from foreigners and confessed their sins: “While they stood in their place, they read from the book of the law of the Lord their God for a fourth of the day; and for an­other fourth they confessed and worshiped the Lord their God” (9:3).

Israel responded to the mercy of God with ingratitude throughout its history. God chose them, blessed them, delivered them, restored them, yet they never failed to turn away from God after a period of contentment.

The Levites standing on the platform led them in a prayer of confession and praise summariz­ing the grace of God and their own rebellion.

The Levites’ prayer reminds us to begin with a focus on God, remembering he is our Creator and Redeemer. As we med­itate on God’s goodness, we are reminded of our own unfaithful­ness and urgent need for his forgiveness and restoration.

The Levites began the prayer with praise and adoration to the one who is above all with the recognition that God is creator: “You alone are the Lord. You have made the heavens, the heaven of heavens with all their host, the earth and allthat is on it, the seas and all that is in them. You give life to all of them and the heavenly host bows down before you” (9:6).

Too often we jump into our prayers with a reminder to God of all of the problems surrounding us. We first need to focus on him. He is bigger than our problems.

He is before all things in both time and authority. He made all of the stars, the moon and the sun. He made the earth with seas and dry land, animals of the field, birds of the air, and fish of the sea.

God created us, in his own image and likeness. God is greater than all of our needs.

The Levites’ prayer reminds us that God is a covenant God. God is not one who created the world and then abandoned it.

He remains actively involved with creation.

God chose Abram and brought him out from Ur. God gave him the name Abraham. God is righteous. And be­cause of Abraham’s faithfulness, God made a covenant with him and gave the land of Canaan to him and his descendants.

The Levites continued the prayer recounting the ways God led the Hebrews and fulfilled his promises.

While the Hebrews were slaves in Egypt, they cried out to the Lord, and God brought plagues against the Egyptians until the pharaoh set them free.

They fled Egypt but became trapped by the sea in front of them and the Egyptian army behind them.

God parted the sea, and they crossed over on dry ground. The Egyptian pursuers were hurled into the sea like a rock in raging waters.

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• Lesson Nine in the Connect360 unit “Kingdom Assignment: The Relentless Pursuit of Obedience” focuses on Nehemiah 8:9-12.

Even though Ezra doesn’t appear in the book of Nehemiah until chapter 8, he already played a key role in the restoration of the exiles returning to Jerusalem.

The books of Ezra and Nehemiah were together in the earliest Hebrew manuscript. Origen (A.D. 185–253) was the first writer known to distinguish between the two.

The book of Ezra tells of the return of the Jews, who had been in exile in Babylon, and the rebuilding of the Temple.

In Ezra 7:6, Ezra is described as a scribe skilled in the Law of Moses, and again in 7:10, “For Ezra had set his heart to study the law of the Lord and to practice it, and to teach his statutes and ordinances in Israel.”

All the people—including men, women and all who could understand—gathered in the square in front of the Water Gate. Ezra the priest read from the book of Moses from early morning until midday.

He stood at a wooden podium designed for this occasion with leaders of the people standing beside him. When he opened the book, all the people stood, obviously out of reverence for the word of the Law.

“Then Ezra blessed the Lord the great God. And all the people answered, ‘Amen, Amen!’ while lifting up their hands; then they bowed low and worshiped the Lord with their faces to the ground” (8:6).

Afterward the Levites explained the Law to the people while they remained in their places.

“They read from the book, from the law of God, translating to give the sense so that they understood the reading” (8:8). In the margin of the NASB the word “translating” also is defined as “explaining.”

What good is the reading of God’s word without understanding?

In Jesus’ final words to the disciples before his ascension, he emphasized the command to teach his word: “Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I commanded you.

“And lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age” (Matthew 28:19-20).

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• Lesson 8 in the Connect360 unit “Kingdom Assignment: The Relentless Pursuit of Obedience” focuses on Nehemiah 6:15-19

Kingdom tasks cannot be accomplished by human wisdom and energy. Only God can move the hearts of kings and reluctant people. God is who inspires human courage and provides resources thought to be unavailable.

When the task of rebuilding the wall was complete, neither the people nor the enemy said, “Great is Nehemiah,” or “Great are the people of Jerusalem.”

Rather, “They recognized that this work had been accomplished with the help of our God” (6:16).

When God brought fire down on Mount Carmel, the people didn’t say, “Great is Elijah.”

They fell on their faces and said, “The Lord, He is God; the Lord, He is God” (1 Kings 18:39).

When the persecuted church was scattered, some of them came to Antioch and began preaching the Lord Jesus. “And the hand of the Lord was with them, and a large number who believed turned to the Lord” (Acts 11:21).

The church in Jerusalem heard about the work of God and sent Barnabas to see what was happening. When he arrived, he witnessed the grace of God (11:23).

Perhaps we receive too much credit for the successes we experience because we fail to allow God to work in a way that only he can bring victory.

When Hezekiah and Isaiah prayed for deliverance from Sennacherib, king of Assyria who already had defeated the armies of all of Judah’s neighbors, God answered by sending the angel of the Lord who slew 185,000 of the enemy.

Nehemiah’s task appeared doomed from the start.

How would he ever receive favor from the king, or resources to build the gates and rebuild the walls? How was he supposed to awaken a complacent city accustomed to living in shame and defeat?

How was Nehemiah to overcome the significant opposition of local leaders?

Victory would come only by the grace of God—who put the plan in Nehemiah’s heart, provided the resources to complete the task and then received the glory.

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• Lesson 7 in the Connect360 unit “Kingdom Assignment: The Relentless Pursuit of Obedience” focuses on Nehemiah 6:10-14.

All leaders face opposition. How we respond is an indication of our courage and humility. Nehemiah was not exempt. He dealt with persistent resistance throughout the entire project of rebuilding the wall around Jerusalem, ranging from criticism to personal threats.

Too often, it appears the forces of evil have more resources and energy than do the righteous. Even though the wall was nearing completion, Sanballat, Tobiah, Geshem and the rest of the enemies of Nehemiah were not ready to stop. They plotted devious schemes to disrespect, discredit or destroy Nehemiah.

Their first attempt almost appeared as concession on their part. They sent Nehemiah a message inviting him to meet with them in one of the villages of Ono.

Nehemiah was not fooled. After a long battle calling the people to “arise and build,” he set the example by working alongside them, while simultaneously fighting the enemy.

Nehemiah’s successes may have made him vulnerable. The victory was near. How nice it would have been if the enemies had been won over and ready to be colleagues. Yet Sanballat and his partners schemed together to seduce Nehemiah.

The apostle Peter, who denied Christ only moments after he had promised to die for him, later wrote, “Be of sober spirit, be on the alert. Your adversary, the devil, prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour” (1 Peter 5:8).

Jesus warned, “Beware of the false prophets, who come to you in sheep’s clothing, but inwardly are ravenous wolves. You will know them by their fruits” (Matthew 7:15–16).

How did Nehemiah see through their scheme? Perhaps he saw their true colors by observing their previous actions. He also may have received wise counsel from friends.

While not dismissing critical evaluation and wise decision making, we also observe that Nehemiah was a man of prayer, and it was God who gave him a spirit of discernment.

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• The Easter lesson in the Connect360 unit “Kingdom Assignment: The Relentless Pursuit of Obedience” focuses on 1 Corinthians 15:1-20.

If Christ has not been raised, then our preaching is irresponsible. Paul’s message was always the same whether he spoke to Jews or Greeks, slaves or free, in Jerusalem or Athens. He reminded the Corinthians he preached the good news to them. They received it and were standing on it.

This is the hope on which they were saved. Yet some among them began saying there is no resurrection of the dead. Paul responded, if there is no resurrection of the dead, not even Christ has been raised. “And if Christ has not been raised, then our preaching is vain, your faith also is vain” (15:14). Those who proclaim such things are actually false prophets.

If Christ has not been raised, then our faith is impossible. Paul stated if Christ has not been raised from the dead our faith is in vain (15:14). “And if Christ has not been raised, your faith is worthless; you are still in your sins” (15:17).

As the time of Jesus’ crucifixion was approaching, when he was with the disciples in Caesarea Philippi, he asked, “‘Who do people say that the Son of Man is? And they said, ‘Some say John the Baptist; and others, Elijah; but still others, Jeremiah, or one of the prophets.’ He said to them, ‘But who do you say that I am?’ Simon Peter answered, ‘You are the Christ, the Son of the living God’” (Matthew 16:13–16). And Jesus blessed him, acknowledged his answer was given to him by Jesus’ Father, renamed him Peter, and promised to him the keys to the kingdom.

If Christ has not been raised, then God is inaccessible. Without Jesus’ atoning death on the cross and his resurrection, there is no freedom from sin’s terrible grip. “So then as through one transgression there resulted condemnation to all men, even so through one act of righteousness there resulted justification of life to all men” (Romans 5:18).

If Christ has not been raised, then death is irreversible. “But now Christ has been raised from the dead, the first fruits of those who are asleep” (1 Corinthians 15:20). This is the turning point of history. All that happened before, looked forward to it; and all that has transpired since reflects back on it.

This is God’s plan. “For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish, but have eternal life” (John 3:16).

To learn more about GC2 Press and the Connect360 Bible study series, or to order materials, click here.

• Lesson 6 in the Connect360 unit “Kingdom Assignment: The Relentless Pursuit of Obedience” focuses on Nehemiah 5:6-13.

Too often, the oppressed who gain power become the oppressors. In chapter 5 of Nehemiah, the troubles of the people are not brought on by foreign enemies but by their own rulers and nobles.

Famine and overpopulation brought widespread hunger. In addition, they were forced to pay high taxes on their fields and vineyards. These conditions caused them to mortgage their property, and they even were forced to sell their children into slavery.

Greedy officials oppressing the poor is not unique to one period of time or one culture. Millions of families are displaced and scattered throughout the world today because of famine, war and ideology—especially religious beliefs. The gap between the rich and the poor is ubiquitous. Even churches too often favor the wealthy and powerful rather than the impoverished.

However, many churches do support assistance to the needy and some political leaders are advocates for the neglected. While some wealthy people create personal empires for self-indulgence, others produce meaningful jobs and foundations providing food, health care, scholarships and shelter.

Nehemiah was furious when he heard the outcry of the people. God did not allow Nehemiah to hold the position of governor for his own recognition and fulfillment but to be an advocate on behalf of the people he governed. He stood inthe tradition of prophets who called out against injustice.

The prophet Amos cried out, “Thus says the Lord, ‘For three transgressions of Judah and for four I will not revoke its punishment, because they rejected the law of the Lord and have not kept his statutes; their lies also have led them astray,those after which their fathers walked’” (Amos 2:4).

God was especially angry at the shepherds (religious leaders) who fed themselves while not feeding the flock. “‘As I live,’ declares the Lord God, ‘surely because my flock has become a prey, my flock has even become food for all the beasts of the field for lack of a shepherd, and my shepherds did not search for my flock, but rather the shepherds fed themselves and did not feed my flock’” (Ezekiel 34:8).

Jesus rebuked the religious leaders, “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you tithe mint and dill and cumin, and have neglected the weightier provisions of the law: justice and mercy and faithfulness; but these are the things you should have done without neglecting the others” (Matthew 23:23).

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• Lesson 5 in the Connect360 unit “Kingdom Assignment: The Relentless Pursuit of Obedience” focuses on Nehemiah 4:1-8.

Nehemiah consistently prayed. Each time he was confronted by a problem, he first took the situation to God. Yet, he also knew the work had to be done by the people.

Soon some of the Jews began to express discouragement. Their strength was failing. They were distracted by the rubble. They heard the threats of the enemy. They said, “We ourselves are unable to rebuild the wall.”

The midway point is often the most difficult time. The excitement of the vision has faded, and attention becomes focused on the rubbish, the undoable task still lying ahead. Nehemiah faced what may have been his greatest challenge: discouragement from within. Outside opposition is expected, but when God’s people begin to complain and rebel, their discouragement is contagious.

Those living in areas near the enemies came to Nehemiah with fear and complaints 10 times (Nehemiah 4:12).Sanballat’s plan of causing a disturbance among the people appeared to be working. Courageous leadership was neededurgently, and Nehemiah didn’t disappoint. His faith did not waver, and he responded with a plan. “We will fortify the lowplaces and have families with their swords, spears and bows.”

When Nehemiah saw their fear, he “rose and spoke to the nobles, the officials and the rest of the people, ‘Do not be afraidof them; remember the Lord who is great and awesome, and fight for your brothers, your sons, your daughters, your wivesand your houses’” (4:14).

The plans of the enemy were frustrated. Half of the people carried out the work and the others held the spears, shields,bows and breastplates. Nehemiah continued to lead by example. “So neither I, my brothers, my servants, nor the men of the guard who followed me, none of us removed our clothes, each took his weapon even to the water” (4:23).

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• Lesson 4 in the Connect360 unit “Kingdom Assignment: The Relentless Pursuit of Obedience” focuses on Nehemiah 3:1-5.

When the people of Judah said, “Let us arise and build,” Nehemiah was ready to present a plan. His goal was simple—rebuild the gates and the wall. He had permission from the king, provisions from Asaph, the keeper of the king’s garden, and accurate research of the problem.

He divided the work among 40-plus groups. Some of the gates such as the Valley Gate, Refuse Gate and Fountain Gate were more damaged than others and required more workers. Nehemiah’s plan moved in fullcircle counterclockwise beginning and ending with the Sheep Gate (3:1, 32).

The first person mentioned was the high priest with his brothers the priests. No one was exempt from thework: including the high priest (3:1), goldsmiths (3:8, 31), perfumers (3:8), officials (3:9–21), priests (3:22–23) and merchants (3:31–32). They also built sections near where they lived. This is obviously a strategic plan. Of course, they desired the walls to be most secure near their own houses.

The rebuilding of the wall required more than rhetoric of a charismatic leader and enthusiasm of the crowd. Ateam effort was needed with everyone, regardless of class, privilege or title, taking his or her place among theruins of the city, faithfully completing the task assigned to them until the job was completed.

The work of rebuilding the walls required the whole community rather than a few select leaders. Likewise, God’s plan for the church is not accomplished by a few individuals cheered on by others as theytry to fulfill the Great Commission. Each of us is given unique spiritual gifts, life experiences, personalities,talents and opportunities for the benefit of the Body of Christ.

Our individuality is set aside as we stand shoulder to shoulder with others seeking to fulfill a commontask, as the people of Jerusalem did in rebuilding the walls. Yet, at other times, our tasks and calling may beunique, contributing to the whole proper working of the church.

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