Posted: 5/10/06
Explore the Bible Series for May 21
Prayer and fasting should be followed by action
• Isaiah 58:1-66:24; Micah 6:6-8
By James Adair
Baptist University of the Americas, San Antonio
Isaiah 58:1-14; Micah 6:6-8
It has become fashionable to proclaim churchwide times of fasting or to call solemn assemblies, in which people pray, confess their sins to one another and commit themselves to live changed lives through the power of God. Such events are laudable, as far as they go, but if they never move people from talk into concrete action, they may cause more harm than good to the participants, who are being fooled into thinking what they are doing is an end in itself.
The prophet faced similar issues in his day, and he minces no words in dealing with the situation. A true fast, he says, doesn’t entail bowing one’s head like a seed-laden bulrush. The fast God desires is this: “To loose the bonds of injustice, to undo the thongs of the yoke, to let the oppressed go free and to break every yoke. … To share your bread with the hungry and bring the homeless poor into your house.”
Micah 6:6-8 offers a similar evaluation of people’s duty toward their neighbors: “What does the Lord require of you, but to do justice and to love mercy and to walk humbly with your God?” (I prefer the translation “do justice” to “act justly,” because the verb is transitive; that is, our actions must have an object or goal—justice.)
Too often our idea of what is pleasing to God focuses exclusively on the development of our inner person. The prophet would argue, however, that the inner person cannot develop unless there is corresponding growth in serving others in God’s name.
Isaiah 61:1-11
Thirty years ago, Pope Paul VI issued an Apostolic Exhortation entitled Evangelii Nuntiandi, or On Evangelization in the Modern World. The church, he said, “has had the single aim of fulfilling her duty of being the messenger of the good news of Jesus Christ.”
What is the content of the message of the gospel, and how does the church go about proclaiming the gospel? In a partial answer to the first question, the pope identified two fundamental commands of the gospel: “Put on the new self” and “Be reconciled to God.”
He goes on to speak of the gospel as a transforming message, a powerful message, a divine message. It speaks of God’s reign, and its kernel is salvation, which the pope defines as “liberation from everything that oppresses man but which is above all liberation from sin and the Evil One.”
Evangelization is not simply preaching a message to which people may choose to assent. Rather, “evangelizing means bringing the good news into all the strata of humanity, and through its influence transforming humanity from within and making it new. … For the church, it is a question not only of preaching the gospel in ever wider geographical areas or to ever greater numbers of people, but also of affecting and as it were upsetting, through the power of the gospel, mankind’s criteria of judgment, determining values, points of interest, lines of thought, sources of inspiration and models of life.”
The good news that the church proclaims, then, is something eminently relevant to all who hear it.
The prophet who spoke the words of Isaiah 61 lived among people who had returned to the land of their ancestors years before, full of hope and expectation. As the decades rolled by and the glorious kingdom they were expecting failed to materialize, many became jaded and discouraged.
The prophet offered a message from God designed to hit people where they were, at the deepest point of their need. “The spirit of the Lord God is upon me, because the Lord has anointed me; he has sent me to bring good news to the oppressed, to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and release to the prisoners; to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favor, and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all who mourn.”
The good news the prophet had for the people was not about pie in the sky by and by. His message addressed the real needs of real people in the real world—the oppressed, the brokenhearted, captives, prisoners, those who mourn. Too often, the gospel that today’s church preaches is diluted, or even perverted, and has little to offer people in the here and now.
When the prophet speaks of God as saying, “For I the Lord love justice, I hate robbery and wrongdoing,” he is describing a God who is concerned intimately with the way people treat other people in this world. This God wants to see justice prevail and robbery and wrongdoing cease. A world of justice and peace, where everyone has access to food, shelter and health care, where people are free to speak and write and read and worship according to the dictates of their own consciences—that’s good news for everyone.
Isaiah 64:1-9
This past week a series of powerful thunderstorms, replete with 60-mile-per-hour winds, hail and several inches of rain, rolled through my neighborhood. Although I know the meteorological principles behind rain and lightning, I’m still a little awestruck by an impressive thunderstorm. I can’t help but think of the psalm that begins, “The heavens are telling the glory of God” and of Haydn’s song of the same title from The Creation. The ancients sometimes thought of storms as manifestations of God’s presence, or theophanies.
Perhaps the prophet had such a thunderstorm in mind when he implored God, “O that you would tear open the heavens and come down … to make your name known to your adversaries, so that the nations might tremble at your presence.”
After the incredible turn of events that led to the overthrow of Babylon and the return of the Jewish exiles to their homeland, God seemed to disappear from sight. Yes, the temple had been rebuilt, but where was God’s promised deliverance? Above all, where was the messiah who would reign supreme and restore the glory of Israel?
The fact the prophet and the people continued to call on God shows they had not lost hope. They continued to have faith in the promises God gave to their ancestors in the past. Nevertheless, they longed for a fresh sign of God’s presence with them.
“Faith of our fathers” is no substitute for faith based on personal experience. Like the returned exiles living in the land of promise, whose promises were awaited rather than realized, we live in a time of anticipation. The end of the Cold War gave us great hope for peace, yet 15 years later, we still find ourselves embroiled in international conflicts, and peace seems as elusive as ever.
The Gross National Product of the world’s nations is mind-boggling, yet so is the poverty, disease and hunger that continues to afflict our world. When we see the desperate straits of many around our planet and even in our own hometowns, and we realize selfishness, nationalism, racism, sexism, greed and religious intolerance impede the efforts of people of goodwill to meet their needs, we too cry out in frustration to God, “O that you would tear open the heavens and come down!”
During the Easter season, we remember on one occasion, some 2,000 years ago, God did come down, to preach and teach and die and rise and change the world. Christianity has rarely, if ever, lived up to the vision of its Founder, but that shouldn’t stop us from striving for the goal. It would be nice if God would intervene in our world to set things right—to bring justice and peace and meet the most basic needs of all people. While we wait, though, we can imitate the model that Jesus set for us, beginning with the admonition to love our neighbors.
Discussion questions
• How can Christians put into practice the “true fast” that God describes in Isaiah 58? Are the fasts and solemn assemblies we sometimes practice a help or a hindrance to implementing a “true fast”?
• Is the gospel message we preach really good news for all those who hear it, or do some people find it doesn’t address the real issues in their lives? How can we make the gospel more relevant to people?
• Many Baptists, like other Protestants, are resistant to the idea that Catholics have anything to teach us about the Bible or theology, but what do you think about Pope Paul’s ideas concerning the gospel cited above? Does it surprise you to hear a Catholic leader speaking so earnestly about evangelism?
• How do you evaluate the statement, “‘Faith of our fathers’ is no substitute for faith that is based on personal experience”? How can we balance our traditional understanding of the way God works with our own experience of God?
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