Posted: 9/02/06
BaptistWay Bible Series for September 10
God is open to hearing our questions
• Psalms 3, 13, 22
By David Wilkinson
Broadway Baptist Church, Fort Worth
“Where have you been?” “What took you so long?” “Are you listening to me?” “Do you care?”
Which do these questions sound like—complaints or prayers?
For the psalmist, the answer often was “both.”
Poetic prayer in the form of complaint, distress and despair mixed with faith, hope and gratitude compose a particular genre in the Psalms known as individual laments. Psalms 3, 13 and 22 are among some 40 psalms typically placed in this category. They are prayers from the heart that resonate with the deep pain that sometimes accompanies the human experience and the crises of faith that sooner or later confront our faith and challenge our relationship to God.
Psalm 3
If Psalm 1 serves as the introduction to the psalter and to the wisdom found therein, then Psalm 3 sounds the first notes of songs of lament that echo throughout the book. It is a reminder that the Psalms are honest and truthful, refusing to gloss over the difficult questions and painful experiences of life.
The psalmist’s prayer of lament begins by invoking Yahweh, the name given by God as an expression of God’s holiness and God’s covenantal relationship with the Hebrew people. True prayer, even in the form of lament or complaint, is addressed to God.
The superscription added to the original psalm ascribes this prayer to David, and Jewish scribes often identified the particular occasion for the writing of the psalm to David’s flight from his son Absalom and his military force.
Whatever the circumstances may have been that gave rise to the psalm, it is a reminder that the psalms of lament are a mixture of biography, theology and liturgy. They resonate with real-life experiences of people through the ages. They are grounded in the poet’s understanding of God and relationship with God. And they were written for and incorporated into the worshipping community of the temple and later the church.
Thus, Psalms 3, 13, 22 and other individual laments can be claimed rightly as prayers and expressions of faith and worship that are both “mine” and “ours.” They are voiced by an individual but always within the larger context of the worshipping community.
The psalmist’s desperate plight is found in a sense of powerlessness in the face of a multitude of enemies that not only threaten him but mock his faith (vv 1-2). His despair leads him to “cry aloud to the Lord” (v. 4).
All of us are familiar with “enemies” of various types—within and without and sometimes of our own making. Whether physical, emotional or spiritual, they can overwhelm us and lead us to despair.
The psalmist’s plea is followed immediately by an expression of trust. Even in the direst of circumstances, his confidence is in God who protects (a “shield,” v. 3), encourages (“lifts up my head,” v. 3), “answers” (v. 4), and responds (“sustains me,” v. 5, and “delivers,” vv. 7, 8). The little three-letter conjunction—the “but” of verse 3 or the “yet” of other texts throughout Scripture—is the believer’s ultimate statement of faith. It is the hinge of hope in our relationship with God, borne in a confidence that allows us to “lie down and sleep” (v. 5) amid uncertainties and unanswered questions, resting in the assurance of God’s provision and protection.
Likening his enemies to beasts that pursue their prey, the psalmist is confident God can crush the beasts’ jaws and break their teeth, freeing him from their deadly grip (v. 7).
The psalm that began with the taunt of his enemies that “there is no help for you in God” (v. 2) now comes full circle with a ringing declaration—and reply to his enemies —that salvation and blessing belong to God and to God alone (v. 8).
Psalm 13
This psalm, the shortest of the prayers for help in the psalter, often is identified as the prototype in both content and form for the psalms of lament.
Like Psalms 3 and 22, this prayer is addressed to Yahweh. The psalmist speaks directly to God, using the name given by God to God’s people as part of God’s self-revelation.
The description of the psalmist’s plight (vv. 1-2) “is composed of lines of decreasing length and rising intensity, held together by the repetition of ‘How long?’ These exclaiming interrogatives give the description the tone of protest.” The three-fold repetition of “how long” testifies to the depth and urgency of the psalmist’s troubles.
The psalmist’s petition in verse 3 is typically two-fold: hear me and help me. It is the heart-felt prayer familiar to anyone who has sought God’s help in the midst of pain or difficulty.
The prayer concludes in trust and hope and even a song of gladness (v. 6). Protest and petition lead to praise in grateful celebration of God’s salvation and steadfast faithfulness. In Anne Lamott’s wonderful expression, “Here are the two best prayers I know: ‘Help me, help me, help me,’ and ‘Thank you, thank you, thank you.’”
Psalm 22
For the Christian, Psalm 22 cannot be fully understood without its association with Jesus. The gospel writers place the psalm’s opening line, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”—“Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani”—on the parched and bleeding lips of Jesus in his final moments of agony on the cross (Mark 15:34; Matthew 27:46). In his darkest hour, as Jesus experienced the inexpressible absence of his Father’s life-giving presence that had guided and sustained him at every moment, his tortured mind turned to the plea of the psalmist, with words that welled up from deep within his heart and soul.
Can there be any more heart-felt and gut-wrenching words of blunt honesty and raw pain than these five, one-syllable words: “My God, my God, why?” One cannot casually read or pray these words. These are words voiced in the dark night of the soul, words that lead us to sacred ground where the wounded soul lies bare before God.
Again, however, the context for the psalmist’s lament is his relationship with a loving God, expressed in the opening verses in the repeated refrain of “my God.” Use of the personal pronoun does not hint of ownership or entitlement but rather the profound intimacy of personal experience. As with Jesus, the psalmist’s intimacy with God underscores and intensifies his anguish through unyielding pain that tortured him “by day” and “by night” (v. 2).
Again, as in Psalm 3, the conjunction “yet” (v. 3) connects the plea of protest and despair with the assurance of hope and the reminder of God’s saving presence. The psalm (as Job discovered) is a reminder that God is God, and we are not. God alone is holy (v. 3), while we are mortal; indeed, we feel at times like we are less than human (v. 6).
Again, the psalmist finds comfort and hope in the “remembered faith” of his religious tradition. Even in the immediate experience of God’s apparent absence, he could turn for reassurance to the trust of those who had gone before him and in the evidence of God’s faithfulness and deliverance (vv. 4-5). The “longer view” offers us a broader perspective than our current circumstances.
And again, as with other psalms of lament, the tone changes abruptly from despair and discouragement to hope and trust as complaint turns to praise. Verses 22-24 remind us of the crucial presence of the community of faith. Our faith, in darkness and in light, in despair and in joy, is intended to be lived in the context of community. The psalmist’s prayer of agony and song of praise are expressed not in isolation but in the context of the worshipping community—a reminder that we are not alone but surrounded by a “great cloud of witnesses” (Hebrews 12:1) who help us find our way to God.
If today you are experiencing your own dark night of the soul, ask God for the psalmist’s courage to lift your pain to God in the assurance that God is nearer to you in the experience of God’s absence than you can possibly know. Pray for the grace of the psalmist to remember amid the pain and unanswered questions the goodness of the God who created you and loves you beyond measure.
If you never have experienced the absence of God, pray for those who do. Archbishop Dom Helder Camera of Brazil habitually arose at 2 a.m. to ensure his work among the poor was centered in the compassion of God and to ask for courage to speak out for the voiceless who suffered from oppression and injustice. Like Dom Camara, we can pray for those whose groanings are too deep for words.
Discussion questions
• Why do you think we are often reluctant to voice our complaints or laments to God?
• In what ways have you experienced the wonderful “yet” of faith amid difficult challenges or painful circumstances? Have you seen such signs of faith in others who have inspired you?
• Try writing your own prayer of lament. What circumstances in your life or in the world disturb you so much that you wish God would intervene somehow?
• Or recall a painful time when you experienced hurt, grief or wounding of some kind, and use that memory as a starting point for your psalm of lament. Turn to the simple structure of Psalm 13 as a guide.
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